Francis A. Boyle
Law Building
504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.
Champaign, Ill. 61820
Phone: 217-333-7954
Fax: 217-244-1478
fboyle@law.uiuc.edu
 
 
 
 

 Dear Colleagues: I have not bothered to read the Marilyn study since it all
originated out of the Pentagon. No legitimate life science researcher would
take one dime of Pentagon money. The Pentagon is in the business of death,
not life.
Francis A. Boyle
Author, Biological Weapons Anti-terrorism Act of 1989
 

-----Original Message-----
From: Wes Thomas
To: biowar-l@sonic.net
Sent: 2/12/99 6:40 PM
Subject: [BIOWAR] True origins of AIDS in "Marylyn"

-- Forwarded --

Date: Fri, 12 Feb 1999 16:26:50 -0800
From: tetra@tetrahedron.org (Len Horowitz)
Subject: True origins of AIDS in "Marylyn"

To Whom It May Concern:

Our office has been flooded with requests for information regarding the
Gao, Bailes et al., letter published in Nature  entitled "Origin of
HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes."1 In short, there is
nothing in this publication that undermines the man-made theory on the origin of
AIDS advanced by Horowitz and colleagues in previous works including the
book Emerging Viruses: AIDS & Ebola-Nature, Accident or Intentional? 2.
Quite the contrary. This new Nature report further supports the man-made
theory, while the media hoopla surrounding this article is ludicrous,
self incriminating, and even pathoneumonic of a "conspiracy" of the
mainstream media, in particular Associated Press, to deceive the public.

        To summarize the Nature report, Gao, Bailes et al. were unable
to isolate a virus from "Marilyn," a chimpanzee that, according to the
Associated Press3 and the Weiss and Wragham report in the same issue,
came to the United States Air Force primate center in New Mexico like most
other African primate infants-free of sexually transmitted viruses.4
What they found, according to their letter, were two DNA fragments from
two of the six AIDS virus (HIV-1) related genes-pieces they genetically
"amplified" to engineer "four overlapping subgenomic fragments that
together comprised a complete pro viral genome," which they termed
SIVcpzUS (simian immunodeficiency virus from the chimpanzee, U.S. strain). They
rightly noted this provided merely "potential coding regions," of one
HIV and SIVcpz related to only one of the six HIV-linked genes-the vpu .
This was clearly not the discovery of HIV, or anything closer to what had
been previously found in chimpanzees that determined the origin of AIDS.

        As Weiss and Wragham noted,4 infant chimpanzees exported from
Africa to America, or elsewhere, were almost always free of sexually
transmitted diseases and related viral infections including that of
SIVcpz and HIV-1. Shipped to the U.S. in 1960, and following a quarter century
of service to U. S. military biomedical researchers, Marilyn died in 1985.
According to Gao, Bailes et al., "she had never been used in AIDS
research and had not received human blood products after 1969." An important
question is "What had Marilyn been exposed to during the 1960s that
related to the amplified genetic sequences reported by Gao, Bailes et al?"

        "AIDS research" began in the 1980s. Before then it was called
"GRID research." Before that it was called "retrovirus research," and prior to
that, during the 1960s, it was called "type-C-cancer virus research"
involving the unique AIDS and leukemia virus linked enzyme commonly
known today as "reverse transcriptase" found in monkey foamy retroviruses
(mentioned by Weiss and Wragham4) that commonly contaminated laboratory
primates as well as vaccines such as the polio and hepatitis B vaccines
derived partly by incubating these active viral agents in monkey kidney
tissues.

        Weiss and Wrangham reported that, "By 1996, 198 chimpanzees had
been experimentally infected with HIV in six of the major research
institutions in the United States. . ." They stated that "cross-species
transmission of primate retroviruses to humans through hunting or
husbandry [cross breeding] probably occurs relatively frequently, although --
thankfully -- the subsequent epidemic spread in the human population is
a much rarer event."

        More relevant information for these investigators to research
and report would have been the number of chimpanzees who had been
experimentally infected with foamy retroviruses and type-C-cancer
viruses during the 1960s, and related viruses during the early 1970s in the
United States-data likely unavailable.

        Moreover, if Marilyn "had not received human blood products
after 1969," had she been exposed to human blood products between 1962 and
1969 when military funded blood and vaccine research involving chimpanzee and
human primates was peaking?

        Thus, a major limitation of the Gao, Bailes et al. study, as
Weiss and Wrangham wrote, is that chimpanzees "are best studied in the place
where the host-virus systems evolved," that is, in the wilds of Africa
as opposed to post mortum specimens exhumed from the U.S. military
laboratory creatures including Marilyn. Unfortunately, Gao, Bailes et al.
extrapolated genetic sequencing data that, according to Weiss and Wrangham, "simply
do not pertain [to chimpanzees] in captivity, where experimenters cannot
know how virus strains match to genetic lineages."

        Given these obvious limitations to the Gao, Bailes et al.
letter, and subsequent  mass mediated interpretations, from whence did
allegations come that these findings "put to rest" the "conspiracy theory" that AIDS
developed from military laboratory experiments? Apparently, the
Associated Press. According to this largest American news service, on February 1,
1999-a full four days before the publication of the Nature article-Daniel
Q. Haney quoted the University of Colorado's Dr. Constance Benson as
saying, "This is absolutely evidence to put (conspiracy theories) to
rest."
 

        This obviously unscientific conclusion expressed, at best, Dr.
Benson's blind bias that echoed a similar scatoma suffered by  Dr. David
Ho of the Rockefeller University, Aaron Diamond Research Center, exactly
one year ago when Nature published the Zhu, Korber, and Ho report entitled
"An African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the
epidemic."5 Though Dr. Horowitz's rebuttal paper to this report was
submitted to Nature, it was not accepted for publication (surprise,
surprise). It was subsequently posted on the Internet (access the FTP
file available through the research section of http://www.Tetrahedron.org).
This response also identified several limitations to the Ho study that was
reported in the press as having discovered an AIDS virus dating back to
the 1950s. Like Dr. Benson now, Dr. Ho then alleged to the press that his
group's finding should "put to rest" AIDS conspiracy theories once and
for all. Apparently it failed to fulfill this objective. Now we have a fresh
attempt with the Gao, Bailes  et al. article. Will we have an additional
futile effort in February, 2000?

        Highlighting this transparent propagandist initiative is the
avoidance of any mention of the sacred cow of modern medicine-vaccines.
Senior investigator and co-author of the Gao, Bailes, et al report from
the University of Alabama, Beatrice H. Hahn told CNN that their study
brought new hope for the development of a successful AIDS vaccine. This was
ironic in light of the fact that contaminated chimpanzees were used to produce
the 1974 experimental hepatitis B vaccine given to New York's gay men and
Central African villagers-the Merck pharmaceutical company vaccine that,
based on the epidemiology, U.S. Government documentation, and mounting
science, most plausibly initiated the international AIDS pandemic. This
is meticulously documented in the literature reviewed in Dr. Horowitz's
best-selling hardcover, Emerging Viruses: AIDS & Ebola-Nature, Accident
or Intentional? sales of which are exploding in the wake of inane media
announcements such as these.

        You can only fool intelligent people for so long. Our take on
this new round of transparent propaganda alleging a natural evolution of the
AIDS virus from wild African chimpanzees is that it is a desperate
attempt to further obscure the scientific evidence and incriminating facts. Now
that thousands of grassroots activists-truth seekers and tellers-are
successfully alerting millions more regarding the works by Drs.
Horowitz, Strecker, Cantwell, and others, spin doctors need to work overtime.
Their periodic propaganda can only distract and confuse people for so long.
Millions now realize that AIDS, as well as other immune system related
disorders including chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, Lupus, multiple
sclerosis and many more neurologic injuries including autism, attention
deficit, and hyperactivity disorders in our children, along with several
unique contemporary cancer epidemics including lymphomas, leukemias and
sarcomas, are largely vaccine induced injuries.

        These activities are indeed befitting Machievellian
practice-create the problems and then the solutions. They also represent an abhorrent
conflict of interest: as military-medical-pharmaceutical industrialists,
including Rockefeller subsidiaries and Merck, Sharp and Dohme, churn out
contaminated and lethal vaccines, they then reap vast fortunes from
humanity's suffering. Even worse, as people die from the array of new
man-made epidemics, your family and friends included, these principle
depopulation funding sources-the Rockefeller Foundation and the Merck
Fund, both linked by association to Dr. David Ho, and other institutions cited
in the Gao, Bailes et al. report-heartily approve.

        In conclusion, we, like Drs. Ho, Hahn, the Associated Press, and
Nature, highly recommend vaccination for those who can't conceive of the
AIDS virus/vaccine "conspiracy." The world, according to these sources
simply needs less people-particularly fewer fools.

Tetrahedron staff
 

1. Gao F, Bailes E, Robertson DL, et al., Origin of HIV-1 in the
chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes (letter). Nature , (February 4) 1999; 397:
436-441.

2. Horowitz LG and Martin WJ. Emerging Viruses: AIDS & Ebola-Nature,
Accident or Intentional? Rockport, Massachusetts: Tetrahedron Publishing
Group, 1998.

3. Haney DQ. Mystery solved: The AIDS virus came from chimps-Evidence
shows humans caught AIDS from chimps; Virus may have first infected humans 50
years ago. Associated Press, Chicago, February 1, 1999, from the
Internet)

4. Weiss RA and Wrangham RW. From Pan to pandemic. Nature 1999;
397:385-386.

5. Zhu t, Korber BT, Nahmias AJ, Hooper E, Sharp PM and Ho DD. An
African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the
epidemic.  Nature 1998; 391:594-597.

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